Protecting Our Planet — 保护我们的星球

编号：MR079 · 学段：初中 · 类型：精读 · 难度：进阶

一、文章和文章音频

English Text

In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious. Air pollution in big cities makes people sick. Plastic waste flows into oceans and hurts sea animals. Climate change brings extreme weather like floods and droughts. Many people ask: What can we do? First, we should reduce waste. Use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. Turn off lights when leaving a room. Second, we should reuse things. Old clothes can become bags. Bottles can be used as flower pots. Third, recycling is important. Paper, glass, and metal should go to recycling bins. Besides these, planting trees helps clean the air. Riding bikes or taking buses reduces pollution. Everyone has a duty to protect our planet. Small actions together make a big difference. If we start today, our children will have a cleaner and greener world tomorrow. The Earth is our only home. We must take care of it before it is too late.

中文翻译

近年来，环境问题变得更加严重。大城市的空气污染让人们生病。塑料垃圾流入海洋，伤害海洋动物。气候变化带来洪水和干旱等极端天气。很多人问：我们能做什么？首先，我们应该减少浪费。用布袋代替塑料袋。离开房间时关灯。其次，我们应该重复使用物品。旧衣服可以做成袋子。瓶子可以用作花盆。第三，回收很重要。纸、玻璃和金属应该放入回收箱。除此之外，种树有助于净化空气。骑自行车或坐公交车可以减少污染。每个人都有责任保护我们的星球。小行动合在一起能产生大影响。如果我们从今天开始，我们的孩子明天将拥有一个更清洁、更绿色的世界。地球是我们唯一的家园。我们必须趁还来得及好好照顾它。

文章音频

二、题目

阅读文章后，尝试独立完成以下题目。不要急着翻看答案哦！

Q1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Protecting Our PlanetB. A story about animalsC. How to cook foodD. The history of music
Q2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. In recent years, environmental problems have become more seriousB. Nothing happenedC. Everyone was sadD. It was night time
Q3. What can we infer from the passage?A. The writer wants to share an important lessonB. Animals can speak EnglishC. Plants can walkD. Water is not important
Q4. What does the word 'environmental' mean?A. 环境的B. NothingC. BadD. Small
Q5. What is the writer's attitude?A. Positive and encouragingB. Angry and sadC. Bored and tiredD. Hungry and thirsty

三、题目讲解

逐题分析解题思路，帮助你掌握阅读答题技巧。

Q1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Protecting Our PlanetB. A story about animalsC. How to cook foodD. The history of music
答案：A答案：A。文章标题为"Protecting Our Planet"，开篇即点明主题："What can we do?"。全文围绕这一核心主题展开论述，因此选项A最能概括文章主旨。选项B（A story about animals）过于片面或偏离主题，不能概括全文内容。
Q2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. In recent years, environmental problems have become more seriousB. Nothing happenedC. Everyone was sadD. It was night time
答案：A答案：A。原文提到："In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious."，与选项A的内容相符。选项B不符合原文内容，文中并无相关表述。选项C与文章所描述的事实不符。选项D在原文中找不到依据。
Q3. What can we infer from the passage?A. The writer wants to share an important lessonB. Animals can speak EnglishC. Plants can walkD. Water is not important
答案：A答案：A。从文章整体内容及结尾部分"We must take care of it before it is too late."可以推断出该结论。这是基于文章所提供的信息进行合理推理得出的。选项B无法从文中推断得出，缺乏原文依据。
Q4. What does the word 'environmental' mean?A. 环境的B. NothingC. BadD. Small
答案：A答案：A。原文中提到："In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious."，根据上下文语境，'environmental'在文中的意思是"环境的"。可以通过前后文的逻辑关系来推测词义。选项B代入原文后语义不通，不符合上下文逻辑。
Q5. What is the writer's attitude?A. Positive and encouragingB. Angry and sadC. Bored and tiredD. Hungry and thirsty
答案：A答案：A。从作者的用词、语气和整体论述方式可以判断出其态度。文章整体呈现出相应的立场和情感倾向。选项B与作者的整体语气和立场不符。

四、单词短语讲解

掌握这些核心词汇，是理解文章的基础。

environmental adj.
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/
环境的
形容词，表示环境的。可放在名词前作定语，或在be/look/feel等系动词后作表语。比较级和最高级形式需注意拼写变化。
It is environmental to consider all the factors before deciding.
pollution n.
/pəˈluːʃn/
污染
名词，表示污染。可用作主语、宾语、表语等成分。常用搭配：形容词 + pollution，pollution + 介词短语，a pollution（一个）。
The pollution plays an important role in daily life.
extreme adj.
/ɪkˈstriːm/
极端的
形容词，表示极端的。可放在名词前作定语，或在be/look/feel等系动词后作表语。比较级和最高级形式需注意拼写变化。
It is extreme to consider all the factors before deciding.
reduce adv.
/rɪˈdjuːs/
减少
副词，表示减少。常用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明程度、方式、时间等。通常放在句末或被修饰词附近。
Reduce is commonly used in various contexts.
recycling n.
/ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/
回收
名词，表示回收。可用作主语、宾语、表语等成分。常用搭配：形容词 + recycling，recycling + 介词短语，a recycling（一个）。
The recycling plays an important role in daily life.

五、文章逐句精讲

逐句深入分析语法结构、时态、从句、特殊结构，全面掌握句子的构成和用法。

In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious. Air pollution in big cities makes people sick. Plastic waste flows into oceans and hurts sea animals. Climate change brings extreme weather like floods and droughts. Many people ask: What can we do? First, we should reduce waste. Use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. Turn off lights when leaving a room. Second, we should reuse things. Old clothes can become bags. Bottles can be used as flower pots. Third, recycling is important. Paper, glass, and metal should go to recycling bins. Besides these, planting trees helps clean the air. Riding bikes or taking buses reduces pollution. Everyone has a duty to protect our planet. Small actions together make a big difference. If we start today, our children will have a cleaner and greener world tomorrow. The Earth is our only home. We must take care of it before it is too late.
近年来，环境问题变得更加严重。大城市的空气污染让人们生病。塑料垃圾流入海洋，伤害海洋动物。气候变化带来洪水和干旱等极端天气。很多人问：我们能做什么？首先，我们应该减少浪费。用布袋代替塑料袋。离开房间时关灯。其次，我们应该重复使用物品。旧衣服可以做成袋子。瓶子可以用作花盆。第三，回收很重要。纸、玻璃和金属应该放入回收箱。除此之外，种树有助于净化空气。骑自行车或坐公交车可以减少污染。每个人都有责任保护我们的星球。小行动合在一起能产生大影响。如果我们从今天开始，我们的孩子明天将拥有一个更清洁、更绿色的世界。地球是我们唯一的家园。我们必须趁还来得及好好照顾它。

逐句语法精讲

句子类型：疑问句。表示疑问或不确定，句末用问号，语调上扬。
时态·一般将来时：will/shall + 动词原形。标志词：tomorrow, next week, soon, in the future。表示将来发生的动作或状态。
时态·现在进行时：am/is/are + doing。标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen。表示此刻正在进行的动作。
从句·if 条件状语从句：表示'如果'。注意主将从现原则：主句将来时，从句一般现在时。if 条件句有三种类型：真实条件句、与现在/过去/将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
结构·instead of 结构：介词短语，表示'代替、而不是'。后接名词、代词或动名词。
情态动词：本句使用了情态动词 can(能力/许可), must(必须/肯定推测), should(应该/建议), will(将来/意愿)。情态动词后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。注意各情态动词表推测时的确定性差异：must(肯定) > should(较肯定) > may/might(可能) > can't(不可能)。
并列连词：and 连接并列成分。注意并列成分形式一致原则：and 前后语法形式应相同（词对词、短语对短语、分句对分句）。
选择连词：or 表示'或者、否则'。在否定句中连接并列成分代替 and。注意 or 前后形式一致。
考点聚焦：① 六大时态辨析与运用（一般现在/过去/将来时、现在/过去进行时、现在完成时）；② 宾语从句语序（陈述语序）和时态呼应；③ 被动语态构成（be + done）；④ 形容词/副词比较级和最高级；⑤ 连词 if/because/when/although 用法；⑥ 不定式和动名词基本用法。

六、发音逐句精讲

深入分析每个句子的意群停顿、重弱读、连读、失去爆破、语调变化，提升口语表达能力。

In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious. Air pollution in big cities makes people sick. Plastic waste flows into oceans and hurts sea animals. Climate change brings extreme weather like floods and droughts. Many people ask: What can we do? First, we should reduce waste. Use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. Turn off lights when leaving a room. Second, we should reuse things. Old clothes can become bags. Bottles can be used as flower pots. Third, recycling is important. Paper, glass, and metal should go to recycling bins. Besides these, planting trees helps clean the air. Riding bikes or taking buses reduces pollution. Everyone has a duty to protect our planet. Small actions together make a big difference. If we start today, our children will have a cleaner and greener world tomorrow. The Earth is our only home. We must take care of it before it is too late.
近年来，环境问题变得更加严重。大城市的空气污染让人们生病。塑料垃圾流入海洋，伤害海洋动物。气候变化带来洪水和干旱等极端天气。很多人问：我们能做什么？首先，我们应该减少浪费。用布袋代替塑料袋。离开房间时关灯。其次，我们应该重复使用物品。旧衣服可以做成袋子。瓶子可以用作花盆。第三，回收很重要。纸、玻璃和金属应该放入回收箱。除此之外，种树有助于净化空气。骑自行车或坐公交车可以减少污染。每个人都有责任保护我们的星球。小行动合在一起能产生大影响。如果我们从今天开始，我们的孩子明天将拥有一个更清洁、更绿色的世界。地球是我们唯一的家园。我们必须趁还来得及好好照顾它。
意群停顿：在逗号、连词 and 前处适当停顿。意群是按意义和语法划分的片段，内部连读流畅，意群间短暂停顿。
重读实词：句子中的实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词）需要重读，如 recent, years, environmental, problems, become。功能词（冠词、介词、连词、助动词）通常弱读。
弱读虚词：In, have, in, and, and 等虚词要快速轻读，元音常弱化为 /ə/ 或 /ɪ/。如 the 读 /ðə/ 而非 /ðiː/，can 读 /kən/ 而非 /kæn/。
语调：一般疑问句用升调，句末语调上扬。句首助动词/情态动词重读，句末上升表示期待对方回答。
连读：以下词组之间可以连读（前一个词尾辅音与后一个词首元音自然过渡）：years environmental / serious Air / pollution in / flows into。连读时不要刻意停顿，让声音自然滑过去。
失去爆破：以下词组中前一个爆破音（/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/）只做口型不发音：recent years / big cities / sick Plastic。舌尖或嘴唇到达发音位置后迅速移到下一个音，不要释放气流。
同化现象：相邻音互相影响，发音发生变化：in big → /m/ / can become → /m/ / can be → /m/。这是自然语流中的常见现象，不必刻意纠正。
练习建议：① 听一句暂停，模仿语音语调；② 注意连读和弱读，培养语流感；③ 录音对比，找出发音差异；④ 每天练习15分钟，坚持一个月效果显著。